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Al idrisi silver disk map3/20/2023 Īnother ancient picture that resembles a map was created in the late 7th millennium BCE in Çatalhöyük, Anatolia, modern Turkey. A map-like representation of a mountain, river, valleys and routes around Pavlov in the Czech Republic has been dated to 25,000 BP, and a 14,000 BP polished chunk of sandstone from a cave in Spanish Navarre may represent similar features superimposed on animal etchings, although it may also represent a spiritual landscape, or simple incisings. Ĭave painting and rock carvings used simple visual elements that may have aided in recognizing landscape features, such as hills or dwellings. The Cuevas de El Castillo in Spain contain a dot map of the Corona Borealis constellation dating from 12,000 BCE. Dots dating to 16,500 BCE found on the walls of the Lascaux caves map out part of the night sky, including the three bright stars Vega, Deneb, and Altair (the Summer Triangle asterism), as well as the Pleiades star cluster. The earliest known maps are of the heavens, not the earth. 9.1 Notable cartographers of the Age of Exploration.7.2 Book on the appearance of the Earth.5.3 Earliest known reference to a map, or 'tu'.5.1 Earliest extant maps from the Qin State.Although that remains the nature of most maps, modern graphics have enabled projections beyond that. According to some scholars, mapping represented a significant step forward in the intellectual development of human beings and it serves as a record of the advancement of knowledge of the human race, which could be passed from members of one generation to those that follow in the development of culture. From cave paintings to ancient maps of Babylon, Greece, and Asia, through the Age of Exploration, and on into the twenty-first century, people have created and used maps as the essential tools to help them define, explain, and navigate their way through the world. The oldest original cartographic artifact in the Library of Congress: a nautical chart of the Mediterranean Sea - second quarter of the fourteenth centuryĬartography (from Greek χάϝτης chartis, "map" and γϝάφειν graphein, "write"), or mapmaking, has been an integral part of the human story for a long time, possibly up to 8,000 years.
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